Essential Skin Care Tips for Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis)

As the ailment is chronic and of relapsing nature, persistence with proper skin care is a must. The patient and his caretakers should be educated about the disease triggers and measures to avoid them.

• Bathe less frequently: The patient should opt to bathe just two or three times a week with lukewarm water (avoid hot water) maximum for 5-10 minutes.
• Gently pat skin dry with a towel after bathing. Apply moisturizer immediately after bathing or swimming while the skin is still damp so as to seal in the moisture, especially during winter.
• Avoid using soap. Restrict the use of soap on genitals, axillae, hands, and feet.
• Use of mild cleanser or moisturizing soap is recommended. Mild soaps are clean without excessively removing natural oils.
• To retain the moisture after the application of moisturizer patient could cover the area with a wrap or if hands are involved he can use gloves. This is not advised when steroidal applications are used as it increases the potential for developing their side effects.
• Soaking the lesion in sodium bicarbonate or colloidal oatmeal in the bath helps in reducing itching.
• By wearing gloves in the winter patient can prevent their skin from being exposed to cold air with little humidity which can dry the skin.
• Regularly clip nails to prevent abrasion of skin while scratching. This reduces the chances of developing a secondary infection.
• Avoid contact with allergens or irritants to the skin e.g. wool, perfumes, detergents, etc.
• Children should be encouraged to drink plenty of water. Fluids help add moisture to the skin.
• Food substances that provoke allergies (allergens) should be avoided, e.g.: Tomatoes which can be acidic.
• Tight-fitting, rough or scratchy clothing can irritate the skin. Wool and some synthetics are especially likely to irritate the skin. Wearing cotton and cotton blends are better choices.
• Scratching the skin rash: Patients often find it difficult to control this urge hence they should cover the affected area with a dressing or wear gloves at night to reduce damage to the skin caused by scratching accidentally during sleep.
• Avoid strenuous exercise during a flare-up as sweating can irritate the rash.
• Try and reduce mental and physical stress. Stress can trigger flare-ups. Older children and adults can learn breathing techniques and meditation to reduce stress.